EARTHSCI 208 : Buckled and Broken: Our Stressed Planet

Science

2025 Semester Two (1255) (15 POINTS)

Course Prescription

Introduces techniques used to analyse and understand folds, faults and stresses within the Earth. Focuses on how to interpret and extract useful information from geologic maps, construct geologic cross-sections, and synthesise analytical results into a coherent structural history, while gaining an appreciation of the relevance of such studies to modern society.

Course Overview

Folds and faults are the results of stresses that are constantly shaping the Earth.  An understanding of these is key to our safe existence on, and responsible management of, the planet.  Careful analysis of such geologic structures informs many crucial human endeavours including the design and implementation of major engineering projects, development and management of vital resources, and recognition and mitigation of hazards.  You will develop proficiency in the extraction of information from geologic maps used to analyse and illustrate geologic structures in the subsurface, and gain understanding of the stresses under which they formed.  A wide variety of techniques used to conduct such analyses will be introduced and practiced.  The importance to modern society of understanding structures and stresses will be discussed, and some useful analytical software will be introduced.

As a core requirement of the Earth Science major, knowledge gained here contributes to field and Stage 3 courses in the Earth Sciences, along with higher level vocational pathways (e.g., engineering geology, exploration geology, mining, construction, field geology, academic research in geology).

Course Requirements

Prerequisite: 60 points passed or 30 points from ENV 100-103 Restriction: EARTHSCI 204

Capabilities Developed in this Course

Capability 3: Knowledge and Practice
Capability 4: Critical Thinking
Capability 5: Solution Seeking
Capability 6: Communication
Capability 7: Collaboration
Graduate Profile: Bachelor of Science

Learning Outcomes

By the end of this course, students will be able to:
  1. Describe and document common structural features in the rock record (Capability 3, 4, 5 and 6)
  2. Apply common techniques and analytical methods to interpret structural history (Capability 3, 4, 5 and 6)
  3. Work confidently and critically with geological maps and cross-sections (Capability 3, 4, 5 and 6)
  4. Project surface information to depth (Capability 3, 4, 5 and 6)
  5. Synthesise analytical results into a formal report (Capability 3, 4, 5 and 6)
  6. Create a video explaining some key structural analysis concepts (Capability 3, 5, 6 and 7)

Assessments

Assessment Type Percentage Classification
Laboratories Individual Coursework
Assignments 32% Individual Coursework
Reports 20% Individual Coursework
Final Exam 40% Individual Coursework
Presentation 8% Group Coursework
Assessment Type Learning Outcome Addressed
1 2 3 4 5 6
Laboratories
Assignments
Reports
Final Exam
Presentation

Key Topics

Overall, the course looks at key structural topics and integrates all of these into an overall structural synthesis in the form of the final report.  Key topics covered are:
  • Working with maps - recognizing patterns, structure contours, gaining geologic information
  • Cross-sections - construction, projecting map information to depth
  • Stereographic projections - plotting lines and planes, analysis of folds and faults
  • Folds - geometry, description, analysis
  • Faults - description, dynamic and kinematic analysis
  • Rheology
  • Stress and strain
  • Mohr diagrams
  • Relevance to society
  • Software

Special Requirements

Laboratories are compulsory, and attendance is mandatory and will be recorded.  Exercises, etc., undertaken in laboratories are integral to other parts of the course and are checked by the instructors at the end of the lab.  Laboratories run weekly (Weeks 1-11) and begin at 5 minutes past the hour – be seated in the lab and be ready to begin working by this time.  Late-comers and non-attendees will be noted and an explanation (believable) required.  Persistent lateness and/or non-attendance may result in exclusion from further labs.

Tuākana

The School of Environment provides Tuakana support for students who identify as Maori and/or Pacifica.  Information regarding personnel and events is provided at the beginning of the semester.

Workload Expectations

This course is a standard 15-point course and students are expected to spend 10 hours per week involved in each 15-point course that they are enrolled in.

The following time inputs are indicative of what a student may spend on this course:  19 hours of lectures (16 x 1-hour lectures; 3 x 1-hour tutorials); 22 hours of laboratories (11 x 2-hour laboratories); 32 hours homework (8 homework assignments);  47 hours self-study (readings, etc), impromptu tutorials, and report and video preparation; 28 hours exam preparation; 2 hours exam.

Delivery Mode

Campus Experience

Attendance is expected at scheduled classes including lectures and laboratories/tutorials to complete components of the course. Lectures will be available as recordings but other learning activities including laboratories/tutorials will not be available as recordings.
Attendance on campus is required for the final examination.


The activities for the course are scheduled as a standard weekly timetable

Learning Resources

Course materials are made available in a learning and collaboration tool called Canvas which also includes reading lists and lecture recordings (where available).

Please remember that the recording of any class on a personal device requires the permission of the instructor.

Recommended texts:
•    Fossen, H., 2016.  Structural Geology (2nd edition).  Cambridge University Press.  ISBN 978-107-05764-7.
•    Lisle, R.J. & Leyshon, P.R., 2004.  Stereographic projection techniques for geologists and civil engineers (2nd edition).  Cambridge University Press.  ISBN 0521535824.

Student Feedback

During the course Class Representatives in each class can take feedback to the staff responsible for the course and staff-student consultative committees.

At the end of the course students will be invited to give feedback on the course and teaching through a tool called SET or Qualtrics. The lecturers and course co-ordinators will consider all feedback.

Your feedback helps to improve the course and its delivery for all students.

No changes will be made to the course for 2025

Academic Integrity

The University of Auckland will not tolerate cheating, or assisting others to cheat, and views cheating in coursework, tests and examinations as a serious academic offence. The work that a student submits for grading must be the student's own work, reflecting their learning. Where work from other sources is used, it must be properly acknowledged and referenced. A student's assessed work may be reviewed against electronic source material using computerised detection mechanisms. Upon reasonable request, students may be required to provide an electronic version of their work for computerised review.

Class Representatives

Class representatives are students tasked with representing student issues to departments, faculties, and the wider university. If you have a complaint about this course, please contact your class rep who will know how to raise it in the right channels. See your departmental noticeboard for contact details for your class reps.

Copyright

The content and delivery of content in this course are protected by copyright. Material belonging to others may have been used in this course and copied by and solely for the educational purposes of the University under license.

You may copy the course content for the purposes of private study or research, but you may not upload onto any third party site, make a further copy or sell, alter or further reproduce or distribute any part of the course content to another person.

Inclusive Learning

All students are asked to discuss any impairment related requirements privately, face to face and/or in written form with the course coordinator, lecturer or tutor.

Student Disability Services also provides support for students with a wide range of impairments, both visible and invisible, to succeed and excel at the University. For more information and contact details, please visit the Student Disability Services’ website http://disability.auckland.ac.nz

Special Circumstances

If your ability to complete assessed coursework is affected by illness or other personal circumstances outside of your control, contact a member of teaching staff as soon as possible before the assessment is due.

If your personal circumstances significantly affect your performance, or preparation, for an exam or eligible written test, refer to the University’s aegrotat or compassionate consideration page https://www.auckland.ac.nz/en/students/academic-information/exams-and-final-results/during-exams/aegrotat-and-compassionate-consideration.html.

This should be done as soon as possible and no later than seven days after the affected test or exam date.

Learning Continuity

In the event of an unexpected disruption we undertake to maintain the continuity and standard of teaching and learning in all your courses throughout the year. If there are unexpected disruptions the University has contingency plans to ensure that access to your course continues and your assessment is fair, and not compromised. Some adjustments may need to be made in emergencies. You will be kept fully informed by your course co-ordinator, and if disruption occurs you should refer to the University Website for information about how to proceed.

The delivery mode may change depending on COVID restrictions. Any changes will be communicated through Canvas.

Student Charter and Responsibilities

The Student Charter assumes and acknowledges that students are active participants in the learning process and that they have responsibilities to the institution and the international community of scholars. The University expects that students will act at all times in a way that demonstrates respect for the rights of other students and staff so that the learning environment is both safe and productive. For further information visit Student Charter https://www.auckland.ac.nz/en/students/forms-policies-and-guidelines/student-policies-and-guidelines/student-charter.html.

Disclaimer

Elements of this outline may be subject to change. The latest information about the course will be available for enrolled students in Canvas.

In this course you may be asked to submit your coursework assessments digitally. The University reserves the right to conduct scheduled tests and examinations for this course online or through the use of computers or other electronic devices. Where tests or examinations are conducted online remote invigilation arrangements may be used. The final decision on the completion mode for a test or examination, and remote invigilation arrangements where applicable, will be advised to students at least 10 days prior to the scheduled date of the assessment, or in the case of an examination when the examination timetable is published.