EARTHSCI 732 : Reconstructing Environmental Change

Science

2020 Semester One (1203) (15 POINTS)

Course Prescription

Examines key issues in environmental change with an emphasis on the South West Pacific during the Quaternary. Methods applied to reconstruct and constrain the timing of environmental change are explored, including glacial geomorphology, environmental isotopes, micro- and macro-fossil remains such as pollen, diatoms and wood, and relevant geochronologic techniques. No formal prerequisite, but an understanding equivalent to EARTHSCI 307, GEOG 334 or GEOLOGY 303 will be assumed.

Course Overview

A detailed knowledge and understanding of the nature and rate of environmental changes during the Quaternary is not only intrinsically interesting but also provides our only real guide to what might befall us in the future. To rephrase the Principal of Uniformitarianism: "the past is the key to the future." Environmental changes interpreted from the geological and biological records are characterised not so much by slow, gradual change, but rather, by extreme, rapid and often short-lived events, especially during the Quaternary (the last 2.6 Myrs of Earth history).

This course explores aspects of the nature of Quaternary terrestrial records of environmental change, with a focus on the Southwest Pacific Rim. The objectives are to:

•    Review of present understanding of Quaternary paleoclimates and paleoenvironments in the context of theory, field evidence and research methods.
•    Explain the collection, analysis and interpretation of physical and paleoenvironmental data ranging from Quaternary age terrestrial sediments through to tree rings.
•    Introduce dating techniques used to establish the timing and drivers of major climatic events during the Quaternary period.
•    Introduce to equipment and measurement procedures used to collect and analyse the materials used for reconstructing environmental change.


After completing the course and the associated coursework and readings, students should:
•    Appreciate the complex interrelationships between earth, ice sheet, ocean and atmosphere drive climate cycles and events over the past 2.6 Myrs and how this still limited level of understanding has evolved over the past 30 years.
•    Understand the use, and interpretation of, a range of paleoclimate reconstruction tools including dendroclimatology, glacial landscapes and associated sediments, biotic remains, and geochemistry including environmental isotopes.
•    Have a broad understanding of the suite of dating tools used to constrain and help explain the timing of the events interpreted from the paleoclimatic time-series.
Appreciate the field and laboratory work that is needed to extract, identify and interpret environmental changes and their drivers.

Course Requirements

Restriction: GEOG 732

Capabilities Developed in this Course

Capability 1: Disciplinary Knowledge and Practice
Capability 2: Critical Thinking
Capability 3: Solution Seeking
Capability 4: Communication and Engagement
Capability 5: Independence and Integrity
Capability 6: Social and Environmental Responsibilities

Learning Outcomes

By the end of this course, students will be able to:
  1. Understand • Appreciate the complex interrelationships between earth, ice sheet, ocean and atmosphere drive climate cycles and events over the past 2.6 Myrs and how this still limited level of understanding has evolved over the past 30 years. (Capability 1, 2 and 6)
  2. Explain Understand the use, and interpretation of, a range of paleoclimate reconstruction tools including dendroclimatology, glacial landscapes and associated sediments, biotic remains, and geochemistry including environmental isotopes. (Capability 1, 2, 3 and 4)
  3. Use, Evaluate Have a broad understanding of the suite of dating tools used to constrain and help explain the timing of the events interpreted from the paleoclimatic time-series. (Capability 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6)
  4. Develop, design and justify Appreciate the field and laboratory work that is needed to extract, identify and interpret environmental changes and their drivers. (Capability 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6)

Assessments

Assessment Type Percentage Classification
Assignments - annotated bibliography 10% Individual Coursework
Essay 30% Individual Coursework
Final Exam 40% Individual Examination
Discussions 5% Individual Coursework
Workshops 5% Individual Coursework
Presentation 10% Individual Coursework
Assessment Type Learning Outcome Addressed
1 2 3 4
Assignments - annotated bibliography
Essay
Final Exam
Discussions
Workshops
Presentation

Key Topics

1. Evolving understanding of the nature and drivers of environmental and climate changes
2. Dating the records of environmental change - why should we care when the events occurred?
3. Approaches used to evaluate and quantify the climate an environmental changes inferred from a range of non-marine records.
4. Assessment and discrimination of long-term natural and human impacts on the environment.
5. Case study: dendrochronology
6. Case study: SW Pacific past climates and environments.
7. Case study: Nature and drivers of Antarctic Ice Sheet fluctuations and portents for the future.

Learning Resources

There is no required text book for this course. However, the following texts are useful as they span most of the concepts covered in the course:

J.J. Lowe and M.J. Walker, 2015, Reconstructing Quaternary Environments, Addison, Wesley and Longman, 3rd edition. Also edition 2, 1997. Note that it is also available as an e-book through the UoA library.
W. Burbank and R. Anderson, 2012. Tectonic Geomorphology. Blackwell (2nd  Edition – also 1st edition published in 2001. Available as an e-book through the UoA library.
J. Shulmeister (editor). 2017. Landscape and Quaternary Environmental Environmental Change in New Zealand. Atlantis Press (Springer). Also available as an e-book through the UoA library.

Note that the field of Quaternary Environmental Change is evolving rapidly. Consequently, textbooks are at least partially out of date by the time they are published and it is necessary to focus on journal articles that develop and expound on new thinking and approaches to environmental reconstruction and their implications for quantification of past climates and environments.

Special Requirements

There are several compulsory field and laboratory components of the course:
1. Laboratory informed research projects/research essays over the  last six weeks of semester.
2. Compulsory one day field trip and data collection in Auckland region.
3. Participation in the Quaternary Techniques Workshop run at GNS Science, Lower Hutt.

Workload Expectations

This course is a standard 15 point course and students are expected to spend 10 hours per week involved in each 15 point course that they are enrolled in.

For this course, you can expect 18 hours of lectures/seminars, a 6 x 2 hour tutorial/laboratory classes, [50] hours of reading and thinking about the content and [40] hours of work on assignments and/or test preparation.

Digital Resources

Course materials are made available in a learning and collaboration tool called Canvas which also includes reading lists and lecture recordings (where available).

Please remember that the recording of any class on a personal device requires the permission of the instructor.

Copyright

The content and delivery of content in this course are protected by copyright. Material belonging to others may have been used in this course and copied by and solely for the educational purposes of the University under license.

You may copy the course content for the purposes of private study or research, but you may not upload onto any third party site, make a further copy or sell, alter or further reproduce or distribute any part of the course content to another person.

Academic Integrity

The University of Auckland will not tolerate cheating, or assisting others to cheat, and views cheating in coursework as a serious academic offence. The work that a student submits for grading must be the student's own work, reflecting their learning. Where work from other sources is used, it must be properly acknowledged and referenced. This requirement also applies to sources on the internet. A student's assessed work may be reviewed against online source material using computerised detection mechanisms.

Inclusive Learning

All students are asked to discuss any impairment related requirements privately, face to face and/or in written form with the course coordinator, lecturer or tutor.

Student Disability Services also provides support for students with a wide range of impairments, both visible and invisible, to succeed and excel at the University. For more information and contact details, please visit the Student Disability Services’ website at http://disability.auckland.ac.nz

Special Circumstances

If your ability to complete assessed coursework is affected by illness or other personal circumstances outside of your control, contact a member of teaching staff as soon as possible before the assessment is due.

If your personal circumstances significantly affect your performance, or preparation, for an exam or eligible written test, refer to the University’s aegrotat or compassionate consideration page: https://www.auckland.ac.nz/en/students/academic-information/exams-and-final-results/during-exams/aegrotat-and-compassionate-consideration.html.

This should be done as soon as possible and no later than seven days after the affected test or exam date.

Student Feedback

During the course Class Representatives in each class can take feedback to the staff responsible for the course and staff-student consultative committees.

At the end of the course students will be invited to give feedback on the course and teaching through a tool called SET or Qualtrics. The lecturers and course co-ordinators will consider all feedback.

Your feedback helps to improve the course and its delivery for all students.

Student Charter and Responsibilities

The Student Charter assumes and acknowledges that students are active participants in the learning process and that they have responsibilities to the institution and the international community of scholars. The University expects that students will act at all times in a way that demonstrates respect for the rights of other students and staff so that the learning environment is both safe and productive. For further information visit Student Charter (https://www.auckland.ac.nz/en/students/forms-policies-and-guidelines/student-policies-and-guidelines/student-charter.html).

Disclaimer

Elements of this outline may be subject to change. The latest information about the course will be available for enrolled students in Canvas.

In this course you may be asked to submit your coursework assessments digitally. The University reserves the right to conduct scheduled tests and examinations for this course online or through the use of computers or other electronic devices. Where tests or examinations are conducted online remote invigilation arrangements may be used. The final decision on the completion mode for a test or examination, and remote invigilation arrangements where applicable, will be advised to students at least 10 days prior to the scheduled date of the assessment, or in the case of an examination when the examination timetable is published.

Published on 11/01/2020 02:59 p.m.