STATS 331 : Introduction to Bayesian Statistics
Science
2021 Semester Two (1215) (15 POINTS)
Course Prescription
Course Overview
This course introduces statistics students to the Bayesian framework for performing inference. This framework is logical and consistent, and provides students with a unified view of statistics, replacing traditional approaches to hypothesis testing and parameter estimation. The course starts with a brief discussion of the history of statistics and describes how the Bayesian approach is the oldest, fell out of favour, but then made a comeback during the latter half of the 20th century. After a review of probability theory, Bayesian inference is introduced with simple toy examples to demonstrate the basic principles. The problems gradually build in complexity. In the middle of the course, Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods are introduced. A basic implementation of the Metropolis algorithm is presented, but most of the data analysis applications are performed using the JAGS sampler, run from within R. The latter half of the course addresses some standard data analysis situations from the Bayesian point of view using JAGS, including regression, t-tests, time series, the Dirichlet- Multinomial model, and more. Along with the labs, these provide students with experience implementing and interpreting Bayesian analyses in common situations. The course enables a student to perform the kind of analyses encountered in STATS 201/7/8 from a Bayesian perspective and leads to STATS 731.
Capabilities Developed in this Course
| Capability 1: | Disciplinary Knowledge and Practice |
| Capability 2: | Critical Thinking |
| Capability 3: | Solution Seeking |
| Capability 4: | Communication and Engagement |
| Capability 5: | Independence and Integrity |
Learning Outcomes
- Describe the Bayesian and the frequentist conceptions of probability, and explain why the Bayesian one enables probability theory to be used for inference. (Capability 1 and 2)
- Perform discrete parameter estimation in R for problems with a single unknown parameter. (Capability 1 and 2)
- Perform basic model selection in R for problems with a single unknown parameter. (Capability 1 and 2)
- Analytically calculate the posterior distribution for a single parameter in some simple cases involving conjugate priors. (Capability 1)
- Explain why MCMC methods are useful. (Capability 1 and 4)
- Describe the Metropolis algorithm. (Capability 1 and 4)
- Use and interpret the output of inferences computed using JAGS from within R, in a range of situations. (Capability 1, 3 and 4)
- Implement bespoke models for situations not directly covered in the course. (Capability 4 and 5)
Assessments
| Assessment Type | Percentage | Classification |
|---|---|---|
| Assignments | 24% | Individual Coursework |
| Test | 20% | Individual Test |
| Quizzes | 6% | Individual Coursework |
| Final Exam | 50% | Individual Examination |
| 4 types | 100% |
| Assessment Type | Learning Outcome Addressed | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | |||
| Assignments | ||||||||||
| Test | ||||||||||
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Workload Expectations
This course is a standard 15 point course and students are expected to spend 150 hours per semester involved in each 15 point course that they are enrolled in. For this course you can expect [2] hours of lectures, a [1] hour tutorial, [4] hours of reading and thinking about the content and [3] hours of work on assignments and/or test preparation each week.
Delivery Mode
Campus Experience
Attendance is expected at scheduled activities including labs to complete components of the course.
Lectures will be available as recordings. Other learning activities including labs will not be available as recordings.
The course will not include live online events. For offshore students online labs and office hours will be available.
Attendance on campus is required for the test/exam.
The activities for the course are scheduled as a standard weekly timetable.
Learning Resources
Student Feedback
During the course Class Representatives in each class can take feedback to the staff responsible for the course and staff-student consultative committees.
At the end of the course students will be invited to give feedback on the course and teaching through a tool called SET or Qualtrics. The lecturers and course co-ordinators will consider all feedback.
Your feedback helps to improve the course and its delivery for all students.
Digital Resources
Course materials are made available in a learning and collaboration tool called Canvas which also includes reading lists and lecture recordings (where available).
Please remember that the recording of any class on a personal device requires the permission of the instructor.
Academic Integrity
The University of Auckland will not tolerate cheating, or assisting others to cheat, and views cheating in coursework as a serious academic offence. The work that a student submits for grading must be the student's own work, reflecting their learning. Where work from other sources is used, it must be properly acknowledged and referenced. This requirement also applies to sources on the internet. A student's assessed work may be reviewed against online source material using computerised detection mechanisms.
Copyright
The content and delivery of content in this course are protected by copyright. Material belonging to others may have been used in this course and copied by and solely for the educational purposes of the University under license.
You may copy the course content for the purposes of private study or research, but you may not upload onto any third party site, make a further copy or sell, alter or further reproduce or distribute any part of the course content to another person.
Inclusive Learning
All students are asked to discuss any impairment related requirements privately, face to face and/or in written form with the course coordinator, lecturer or tutor.
Student Disability Services also provides support for students with a wide range of impairments, both visible and invisible, to succeed and excel at the University. For more information and contact details, please visit the Student Disability Services’ website http://disability.auckland.ac.nz
Special Circumstances
If your ability to complete assessed coursework is affected by illness or other personal circumstances outside of your control, contact a member of teaching staff as soon as possible before the assessment is due.
If your personal circumstances significantly affect your performance, or preparation, for an exam or eligible written test, refer to the University’s aegrotat or compassionate consideration page https://www.auckland.ac.nz/en/students/academic-information/exams-and-final-results/during-exams/aegrotat-and-compassionate-consideration.html.
This should be done as soon as possible and no later than seven days after the affected test or exam date.
Learning Continuity
In the event of an unexpected disruption we undertake to maintain the continuity and standard of teaching and learning in all your courses throughout the year. If there are unexpected disruptions the University has contingency plans to ensure that access to your course continues and your assessment is fair, and not compromised. Some adjustments may need to be made in emergencies. You will be kept fully informed by your course co-ordinator, and if disruption occurs you should refer to the University Website for information about how to proceed.
Student Charter and Responsibilities
The Student Charter assumes and acknowledges that students are active participants in the learning process and that they have responsibilities to the institution and the international community of scholars. The University expects that students will act at all times in a way that demonstrates respect for the rights of other students and staff so that the learning environment is both safe and productive. For further information visit Student Charter https://www.auckland.ac.nz/en/students/forms-policies-and-guidelines/student-policies-and-guidelines/student-charter.html.
Disclaimer
Elements of this outline may be subject to change. The latest information about the course will be available for enrolled students in Canvas.
In this course you may be asked to submit your coursework assessments digitally. The University reserves the right to conduct scheduled tests and examinations for this course online or through the use of computers or other electronic devices. Where tests or examinations are conducted online remote invigilation arrangements may be used. The final decision on the completion mode for a test or examination, and remote invigilation arrangements where applicable, will be advised to students at least 10 days prior to the scheduled date of the assessment, or in the case of an examination when the examination timetable is published.